Sports medicine goals

One of the primary goals of every sports medicine professional is to create a playing environment for the athlete that is as safe as it can possibly be. Regardless of that effort, the nature of athletic participation dictates that injuries will eventually occur. Fortunately, few of the injuries that occur in an athletic setting are life-threatening. The majority of the injuries are not serious and lend themselves to rapid rehabilitation. When injuries do occur the focus of the sports therapist shifts from injury prevention to injury treatment and rehabilitation.

The process of rehabilitation begins immediately after injury. Initial first aid and management techniques can have substantial impact on the course and ultimate outcome of the rehabilitative process. In a sports medicine setting, the athletic trainer and/or physical therapist generally assumes the primary responsibility for design, implementation, and supervision of the rehabilitation program for the injured athlete. Thus, in addition to possessing sound understanding of how injuries can be prevented, the sports therapist must also be competent in providing correct and appropriate
initial care when injury does occur. Designing programs for rehabilitation is relatively simple and involves several basic short-term goals: 1) controlling pain, 2) maintaining or improving flexibility, 3) returning or increasing strength, 4) reestablishing neuromuscular control, and 5) maintaining levels of cardiorespiratory fitness. The long-term goal is to return the injured athlete to practice or competition as quickly and safely as possible. This is the easy part of supervising a rehabilitation program. The difficult part comes in knowing exactly when and how to change or alter the rehabilitation protocols to most effectively accomplish both long- and short - term goals. The approach to rehabilitation in a sports medicine environment is considerably different than in most other rehabilitation settings. The competitive nature of athletics necessitates an aggressive approach to rehabilitation. Since the competitive season in most sports is relatively short, the athlete does not have the luxury of being able to simply sit around and do nothing until the injury heals. Their goal is to return to activity as soon as safely possible. Thus the sports therapist who is supervising the rehabilitation program must perform a balancing act walking along a thin line between not pushing the athlete hard enough or fast enough and being overly aggressive. In either case, a mistake in judgment on the part of the sports therapist may hinder the athlete's return to activity. Decisions as to when and how to alter and progress a rehabilitation program should be based within the framework of the healing process. The sports therapist must possess a sound understanding of both the sequence and time frames for the various phases of healing, realizing that certain physiological events must occur during each of the phases. Anything that is done during a rehabilitation program that interferes with this healing process will likely increase the length of time required for rehabilitation and slow return to full activity. The healing process must have an opportunity to accomplish what it is supposed to. At best the sports therapist can only try to create an environment that is conducive to the healing process. There is little that can be done to speed up the process physiologically, but there are many things that may be done during rehabilitation to impede healing. The sports therapist has many tools at his/her disposal that can facilitate the rehabilitative process. How they choose to utilize those tools is often a matter of individual preference and experience. Additionally, each individual patient is a little different, and their response to various treatment protocols is somewhat variable. Thus it is impossible to "cookbook" specific protocols that can be followed like a recipe. In fact, use of rehabilitation "recipes" should be strongly discouraged. Instead the sports therapist must develop a broad theoretical knowledge base from which specific techniques of rehabilitation may be selected and practically applied to each individual case.

5.1. Listen to the text “Sports Medicine Goals”

5.2. Read and translate the text “Sports Medicine Goals”.

5.3. Answer the questions to the text.

1. What is the primary goal of every sports medicine professional? 2. What does the nature of athletic participation dictate? 3. What kind of injuries can occur in athletic setting? 4. Where does the focus of the sports therapist shift to when injuries occur? 5. When does the process of rehabilitation begin? 6. What can have substantial impact on the course and ultimate outcome of the rehabilitative process? 7. What is an athletic trainer and/or physical therapist responsible for? 8. What else must the sports therapist be competent in? 9. What are the goals for designing of rehabilitation programs? 10. What issues do short-term goals include? 11. What issues do long-term goals include? 12. Is the approach to rehabilitation in a sports medicine environment quite similar to those in most other rehabilitation settings? 13. What kind of approach does the competitive nature of athletics necessitate? 14. A mistake in judgment on the part of the sports therapist hinders the athlete's return to activity, doesn’t it? 15. Why should a rehabilitation program be based within the framework of the healing process? 16. Why should the use of rehabilitation “recipes” be strongly discouraged?

5.4. Find English equivalents in the text for the following.

создавать; безопасный, первая помощь; значительный/существенный; игровая/соревновательная среда; невзирая на; со временем / в конце концов; к счастью; происходить/случаться; большинство; быстрый/скорый; немедленно; влияние; непосредственный результат; нести ответственность; составление; внедрение; контроль/надзор; здравый/правильный; относительно; краткосрочный / близстоящий; сохранение/поддержка; сфера; соответствующий / подходящий; уход/помощь; совершенствование; гибкость; восстановление; долгосрочный; точно; переделывать; окружение/среда; делать необходимым; соревновательный; роскошь / большое наслаждение; бездействовать; заживать; чрезмерно; мешать / препятствовать; структура; фаза/этап; владеть; временные рамки; ускорять, последовательность/порядок; дело личного предпочтения; замедлять; осознавать; благоприятный/способствующий; ускорять; инструмент; использовать; вместо; в каждом отдельном случае; рецепт; поваренная книга; применять; реакция

5.5. Replace the italic words with those from the text.

1. Regardless of that effort, the essence of athletic participation dictates that injuries will eventually happen. 2. Fortunately, few of the injuries that occur in an athletic sphere are life-threatening. 3. The process of rehabilitation starts just after injury. 4. Initial first aid and management techniques can have considerable influence on the course and ultimate outcome of the rehabilitative process. 5. Designing programs for rehabilitation is relatively simple and includes several principle short-term objects. 6. A mistake in judgment on the part of the sports therapist may retard the athlete's return to activity.

5.6. Complete the sentences with logical ending.

1. Thus the sports therapist must perform a balancing act walking along …. 2.

In fact, use of rehabilitation "recipes" should be …. 3. Anything that is done during a rehabilitation program that interferes with this healing process will likely increase …. 4. Decisions as to when and how to alter and progress a rehabilitation program should be based within …. 5. The long-term goal is to …. 6. When injuries do occur the focus of the sports therapist shifts from …. 7. One of the primary goals of every sports medicine professional is …. 8. Designing programs for rehabilitation involves several basic short-term goals: ….

5.7. Complete the sentences with words from a box.

medical; special circumstances; guidelines; physicians; an ethical ensure; health care; obligation; postgraduate; adolescent; mental; International; the stage of growth

Principles and Ethical Guidelines of Health Care for Sport Medicine

The Medical Commission of the … Olympic Committee recommends the following ethical …for physicians who care for athletes. These have been established based on those drafted by the World Medical Association and they recognize the … … in which … care and guidance are provided for participants in sports.

1. All … who care for athletes have … … … to understand the specific physical and mental demands placed upon them during training for and participation in their sport(s).

2. It is recommended that undergraduate and … training in sport medicine be available to medical students and those doctors who desire or are required to provide … … for athletes.

When the sport participant is a child or an adolescent, the sport physician must … that the training and competition are appropriate for … … … … and development. Sport training and participation which may jeopardize the normal physical or … development of the child or … should not be permitted.

5.8. Have a text below for a dictation.