Unit 1 Kyiv Polytechnic Institute

I. Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:

higher educational institution	вищий навчальний заклад
examination board	екзаменаційна комісія
outstanding	видатний
prominent	відомий
in spite of	незважаючи на
to train engineers	готувати інженерів
to allocate money	виділяти кошти
graduate	випускник вищого учбового закладу
electric welding	електрозварювання
artificial satellite	штучний супутник
engine	двигун
tuition	навчання
to commission	призначати, доручати
market-oriented reforms	ринкові реформи
in the vanguard of	в авангарді

full professor професор

associate professor доцент

liberal arts faculty гуманітарний факультет

II. Read the text. Use dictionary if necessary.

The National Technical University of Kyiv (Kyiv Polytechnic Institute) is one of the oldest and biggest higher educational institutions in Ukraine. At the time of its foundation it was a leading technical school in Eastern Europe.

Kyiv Polytechnic Institute was founded on August 31, 1898 and its first rector was Professor I.Kirpichev. At that time it had only four faculties (mechanical, chemical, agricultural, civil engineering) with 360 students enrolled. The Polytechnic graduated its first 84 engineers in 1903. The head of the examination board was Dmitry Mendeleev, an outstanding chemist known for bringing into prominence the periodic system of classification of chemical elements.

In spite of the fact that Kyiv had by the end of the 19^th century two big seats of learning - St. Volodymyr University and Kyiv Mohyla Academy (the oldest educational establishment of higher learning in Eastern Europe, founded in the early 17^th century) - the rapid economic growth required a new-type of technical school for training engineers and for being a technological and scientific research centre. The state did not allocate any money from the budget and the funds raising campaign was launched. The money was donated by wealthy businessmen and public organizations.

The prominent architect I. Kitner was commissioned to design the buildings of the new school. And he built an impressive architectural complex in Shulyavka, one of the suburban areas of the then Kyiv.

From the very outset KPI operated not only as a students training institution but as a research centre as well, turning out scientists and researchers who played a prominent role in the development of science and technology in Ukraine. Among the graduates of KPI one finds Academician Y.Paton who made an important contribution to the theory and practice of electric welding, S.Tymoshenko, one of the world's leading scientists in the studies of resistance of materials, S. Korolyev, the designer and promoter of rockets and artificial earth satellites, M.Konovalov, a well-known chemist, I.Bardin, the greatest metallurgist in the country, A.Lulka, the chief designer of aircraft engines.

Now KPI is one of the biggest universities of its kind in Europe.

Its students enrolment is about 30 thousand people. 2,000 full and associate professors provide a high-quality tuition. In the last decade KPI has been turned into a technical university that meets all the sophisticated requirements of today.

A lot of young people from different countries get their education at the Technical University in Kyiv. The University has close economic relations with foreign partners. The most active international scientific and technological cooperation is carried out by the University departments with partners from China, Germany, Turkey, Vietnam, Jordan and others.

Kiev Polytechnic, in spite of being a hundred year old establishment, is keeping abreast with the changing times. In recent years a number of new faculties have been setup: aviation and space systems, management and industrial marketing, linguistics, law, sociology. The introduction of liberal arts faculties makes it possible for students to receive two degrees within the period of studies.

The State Polytechnic Museum of Ukraine was opened in one of the oldest buildings of KPI and some pieces of KPI old-time equipment used for teaching purposes were placed there as museum exhibits.

Sports activities are flourishing at KPI as well. Cultural life at KPI is not lagging behind either with numerous cultural events involving hundreds of students. KPI maintains close contacts with research and industrial centres in order to provide its students with good training grounds and its graduates with opportunities for finding good jobs. At present the Ukrainian economy is going through market-oriented reforms. Thus, it needs a lot of well-trained engineers and managers to promote these reforms and to meet the stringent requirements of our times. -

The KPI graduates now as well as many years ago feel proud to have studied at the Polytech. They are as always in the vanguard of the technological progress in Ukraine.

III. Give English equivalents for:

- один з найбільших вищих учбових закладів;

- провідний технічний заклад;

- цивільне будівництво;

- науково-дослідний центр;

- розпочинати кампанію по збору коштів;

- з самого початку;

- вражаючий архітектурний комплекс;

- в розвитку науки та техніки;

- такого типу;

- деякі зразки обладнання;

- йти в ногу з часом;

- підтримувати тісні зв’язки;

- відповідати суворим вимогам нашого часу.

IV. Find in the text and read information about:

- Foundation of KPI

- Prominent scientists – former graduates of KPI

- The KPI museum

- Sports and cultural life of KPI

- KPI – the vanguard of technological progress in Ukraine

V. Are the following statements about KPI true? Prove it.

1. KPI is one of the oldest and biggest educational establishments in Ukraine.

2. It is situated not far from the centre of the city.

3. KPI’s foundation was an imperative of that time.

4. KPI students become highly skilled specialists in their particular areas.

5. Major achievements in science and technology attributed to former KPI

graduates.

6. KPI is well-known worldwide.

7. Bringing up of a new generation is KPI’s major concern.

VI. Think of 5-7 questions to ask your fellow students about KPI.

VII. Your friend is going to enter KPI. Give him some key information about it.

VIII. You are a student of KPI. Why have you chosen to study there?

SUPPLEMENTARY READING

I. Read the text and render it into Ukrainian.

UNIVERSITIES OF GREAT BRITAIN AND THE USA

The first European university was Salerno in Italy, established in the 9^th century, followed by Bologna, Paris, Oxford (1249) and Cambridge (1284) universities.

Oxford and Cambridge, the oldest and the most famous universities in Britain, are each composed of a number of residential colleges. The average number of students in a college is about 500. Each college is independent and self-governing. It is governed by its Fellows, of whom there are usually 20 or 30, and they are also responsible for teaching their students through the tutorial system. Each fellow is a tutor in his own subject to the undergraduates who are studying it. The tutor holds weekly meetings (the ‘tutorials’) with his students to discuss their essays, to direct their reading, to advise them what lectures to attend and to keep an eye on their progress. All the teachers at Oxford and Cambridge are called ‘dons’.

The Universiries organize lectures and examinations, award degrees, provide laboratories and equipment, libraries and the like. The Colleges, on the other hand are responsible for the tutorials and the accommodation of their students. Also admission to Oxford and Cambridge are controlled by the Colleges. The Colleges have now about 10 candidates for every one place, so the competition is fierce.

The most famous college in Oxford is Christ Church. It has a great hall dating from the reign of Henry VII and its chapel has become the Cathedral of Oxford.

Cambridge University colleges include Peterhouse college (1284), King’s College (1441), Queen’s College (1448), St.John’s College (1511) and Trinity College (1546). It is situated on the river Cam. A beautiful way to visit it is from the river, hiring a boat and going under its beautiful bridges.

The oldest university in the United States Harvard was founded in 1636. Nowadays there are more than 2,000 degree-granting higher educational institutions in the U.S. Universities and colleges are either publicly controlled (by a state, municipality or district) or they are controlled by private organizatons.

Privately-controlled universities, commonly known as the ‘Ivy League’, include eight long-established institutions with prestigious academic and social reputation. Here belong: Harvard, Yale, Princeton, Columbia, Cornell, Pennsylvania, Dartmouth and Brown.

A great number of men who hold prominent positions in public life and the big corporations were educated at one of these universities which have become intellectual elite centres of the United States.