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1. The names for the axes on a graph: vertical axis or у axis - вертикальна вісь horizontal axis or x axis - горизонтальна вісь
2. The different types of lines in graphs: solid line - пряма лінія broken line - перервана лінія dotted line - пунктирна лінія
curve - крива
undulating line - хвиляста лінія
fluctuating line - ламана лінія
PART I. ECONOMICS
3. The different types of graphics: line graph - лінійний графік flowchart - ланцюгова діаграма pie chart - секторна діаграма segment - сегмент, сектор histogram/bar chart - стовпчикова діаграма table - таблиця
column - стовпчик
row - лінійка
plan - план
diagram - схема, діаграма
drawing, illustration - малюнок,
ілюстрація
XERCISES I. Answer the following questions.
1. What do we call 'business cycle"?
2. What is recession?
3. What happens in economy during depression?
4. What characterises period of recovery?
5. Describe economic activity during prosperity period.
II. Trade cycle. Complete the definitions with the words from the box.
prices | depression | events | moves | activity |
recession | series | boom | demand | recovery |
capacity | falling | business | GNP | financial |
within | unemployment | investment | cycle | severe |
Cycle - a period of time in which a (1)_____ of events happening in a certain order is
completed, and then happens again and again with the (2)_____ coming each time in the
same order and generally (3)____ a similar length of time.
Trade cycle - a cycle in time during which trade (4)_____ from a state of high activity - (5)
__ - through a running-down period - contraction, downswing, (6)_______, downturn - to a
state of low activity - (7)____, stagnation -, then upward again when business improves -
(8)___, revival - until there is a return to high (9)_______ once more. The whole (10)_____
then begins again.
Boom - the part of the (11)____ cycle that follows recovery, in which economy is working
at full (12)___. (13)____ demand, (14)____, and wages rise, while unemployment falls. If
government control of the economy is not sufficiently tight, a boom can lead to a recession and ultimately to a slump.
Depression - an extended or (15)____ period of recession. Depressions occur infrequently
and some economists believe they occur in long (about 50-year) cycles (Kondratieff waves). The most recent Great Depression occurred in the 1930s. Depressions are usually
associated with falling prices and large-scale involuntary (16)______. They are often
preceded by major (17) crashes, e.g. the Wall Street crash of 1929.
Recession - a slowdown or fall in the rate of growth of (18)_____. Economic growth usually
follows a cycle from boom to recession and back again. Recession is associated with
falling levels of (19)____. rising unemployment, and sometimes (20)_____ prices.
III. Should the Government Intervene in the Business Cycle?
A. Complete the text below using these words.
boom money supply
demand output
employment price
equilibrium recession
interest rates saving
Дата публикования: 2014-12-25; Прочитано: 326 | Нарушение авторского права страницы | Мы поможем в написании вашей работы!