Ex. 27. Read the sentences, translating Russian words into English and add something to develop the idea. The beginnings of the sentences may be helpful for you

1. The шина is a плоский cable with numerous parallel проводами. It links___. The bus can transmit___. A 16-bit bus allows___.

2. The центральный процессор is a основная part of any цифрового computer. It performs___. It coordinates and controls___. It determines___.

3. The блок управления times and regulates the whole computer system. It includes___. A counter___. A register___. A decoder___. A very fast clock___.

4. Компьютерная память is a physical устройство. It is used to___. There are two___.

5. The оперативная память is the systems component of the computer. It holds___. It receives___. The more memory the computer has___.

6. Вторичные запоминающие устройства are used for долгосрочного хранения данных и команд. They can store___. But they operate___. Magnetic and optical disks are___.

7. Устройства ввода are used для того, чтобы вводить information and instructions into a computer for хранения и обработки. Their purpose is___. Among input devices are___.

8. Устройства вывода позволяют пользователю to see or hear the results of the computer's обработки данных. The results are output in___. Monitor is used___. Printers produce___.

Ex. 28. TRUE or FALSE? Correct the false statements. Use the following clichés:

It's true. The statement is partly right. As far as I know…. It goes without saying. Nothing of the kind. In my opinion…. Naturally, it's correct. It's false. I don't know exactly but I think that….

1. Computer is an electronic device therefore hardware is a system of electronic devices.

2. The purpose of the input hardware is to collect data and convert it into a form suitable for computer processing.

3. Scanner is used to input graphics only.

4. The purpose of processing hardware is to retrieve, interpret and direct the execution of software instructions provided to the computer.

5. CPU reads and interprets software and prints the results on paper.

6. User cannot change the contents of ROM.

7. Floppy disks are used more often because they are flexible and have more capacity than CDs.

8. Printer is a storage device because its purpose is to show the information produced by the system.

9. Modem is an electronic device that makes possible the transmission of data from one computer to another via telephone or other communication lines.

10. The purpose of storage hardware is to store computer instructions and data in a form that is relatively permanent and retrieve them when needed for processing.

Ex. 29. Give definitions to the following:

1) CPU; 2) ROM; 3) floppy-disk; 4) CD-ROM; 5) keyboard; 6) hard disk; 7) main memory; 8) modem; 9) trackball; 10) printer.

Ex. 30. Using the diagram given at the next page, complete the following paragraphs:

A computer has four basic components: input, processor, memory, and output. The CPU consists of two parts: the ¹___, which directs and controls the signals and commands inside the processor, and the ²___ unit, which does the arithmetic operations and the decision-making operations. While the ³___ is made up of a ⁴___, a ⁵___, a ⁶___, and a ⁷___, the ⁸___ is composed of ⁹___, a ¹⁰___, and ¹¹___.

In a computer, internal memory or ¹²___ refers to the storage locations inside the computer, whereas ¹³___refers to the storage embodied in the peripherals. ¹⁴ ___ may be divided into ¹⁵___ (¹⁶___) and ¹⁷___ (¹⁸___). The ¹⁹___ devices can be either a ²⁰___, a ²¹___. or a ²²___.

These devices enter information into the computer. After the processor has operated on it, the ²³___ devices display the results of the computations on either a ²⁴___ or a ²⁵___, or store them on tape or disk for future use.