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Match the Russian terms with the English ones in the right column
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| 1. земная кора | a. sandstone |
| 2. растворяться в воде | b. fine-grained sand |
| 3. песчаник | c. the Earth’s crust |
| 4. уплотненные осадки | d. exposed rocks |
| 5. изверженные породы | e. to dissolve in water |
| 6. мелкозернистый песок | f. like gypsum |
| 7. затвердевать | g. consolidated sediments |
| 8. подобно гипсу | h. igneous rocks |
| 9. обнаженные породы | i. to solidify (to consolidate) |
3.3.2. Match the English terms with the Russian ones in the right column
| 1. coarse-grained sand | a. разрушительная сила воды |
| 2. siltstone and shale | b. стратифицированные отложения |
| 3. destructive action of water | c. доледниковый период |
| 4. existing rocks | d. крупнозернистый песок |
| 5. chemical decay | e. частицы вещества |
| 6. sedimentary rocks | f. алевролит и глинистый сланец |
| 7. stratified deposits | g. существующие породы |
| 8. pre-glacial period | h. осадочные породы |
| 9. particles of a substance | i. химический распад |
3.3.3. Match the words from column A with the words in column B.
A. B.
| 1. to consist of | a. solidified |
| 2. to differ | b. stratified, layered |
| 3. bedded | c. to realize |
| 4. consolidated | d. to transform |
| 5. to change | e. matter |
| 6. substance | f. to be;like |
| 7. to be similar (to) | g. to finish |
| 8. to complete | h. to vary |
| 9. to understand | i. to be composed of |
3.3.4. Fill in the blanks with the correct word.
a. Consolidate consolidation consolidated unconsolidated
1. __________ is the process of cementation of loose fragments of sedimentary rocks.
2. As is known, sedimentary rocks __________under pressure of overlaying beds.
3. Limestone, for example, is the ___________ rock, which occupies vast areas of the Earth’s surface.
4. Gravel, sand and clay form the group of ________ mechanical sediments because they consist of loose uncemented particles.
b. stratify stratification stratified
1. Bedding or __________ is the most characteristic feature of sedimentary rocks.
2. Coal is a __________- deposit that has been developed from plant remains.
3. Coals ________by the decay of organic material.
4. As a result of physical, chemical or biochemical changes vegetable remains are __________- and changed into peat or coal, micro-organisms remains changed into mineral oil, bones into phosphorite, etc.
3.3. 5. Compile sentences using the following phrases.
EXAMPLE: Conglomerate is formed from gravel.
| Sandstone | through the sedimentation of mineral substances |
| Rock salt | from sand |
| Mineral oil | from clay minerals |
| Shale | from organic remains |
| Peat and coal | from particles of pre-existing rocks |
| Igneous rocks | by the accumulation of plant remains |
| Sedimentary rocks | from magma |
| Metamorphic rocks | from either igneous or sedimentary rocks |
3.3.6. State whether the following statements are true or false.
1. The rocks of the Earth’s crust are divided into two main groups.
2. Igneous rocks are composed of particles of pre-existing rocks.
3. Sedimentary rocks are stratified.
4. Sediments are formed by the action of glaciers.
5. Igneous rocks make up 75% of exposed rocks.
6. Conglomerates are formed as a result of the accumulation of materials caused by the destructive mechanical action of water.
7. Sandstones are consolidated rocks.
8. Clays are unconsolidated mechanical sediments.
9. Chemical sediments are formed by the destructive chemical action of water.
10. Peat and coal are the organic sediments, which are of great practical value.
11. Claystone was formed at the beginning of the sedimentation period and clay was formed later.
3.3.7. Answer the following questions.
1. What main groups of rocks do you know?
2. Do sedimentary rocks consist of particles of pre-existing rocks?
3. How sedimentary rocks are originated?
4. What is the most important characteristic feature of sediments?
5. What are cementing substances?
6. What are chemical sediments?
7. How are organic sediments formed?
Дата публикования: 2014-11-03; Прочитано: 754 | Нарушение авторского права страницы | Мы поможем в написании вашей работы!
