LESSON 19

THE TERM “COMPUTER SECURITY” [1]

Task 1. Read and translate the text:

Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст:

The term "computer security" is used very frequently, but the content of a computer is vulnerable to several risks unless the computer is connected to other computers to form a network. As the use of computer networks, especially the Internet, has become widely spread, the concept of computer security has expanded to signify issues relating to the networked use of computers and their resources.

The major technical areas of computer security are usually rep storage devices resented by the initials CIA: Confidentiality, Integrity, and Authentication or Availability. Confidentiality means that information cannot be accessed by unauthorized parties. Confidentiality is also known as secrecy or privacy; breaches of confidentiality range from the embarrassing to the disastrous. Integrity means that information is protected against unauthorized changes that are not detectable to authorized users; many incidents of hacking compromise the integrity of databases and other resources. Authentication means that the users are those persons who they claim to be. Availability means that resources are accessible by authorized parties; "denial of service" attacks, which are sometimes the topic of national news, are attacks against availability. Other important factors of computer security professionals call the access control and nonrepudiation. Maintaining access control means not only that users can access only those resources and services to which they are entitled, but also that they are not denied resources that they legitimately can expect to access. Nonrepudiation implies that a person who sends a message cannot deny that he sent it and, on the contrary, that a person who has received a message cannot deny that he received it. In addition to these technical aspects, the conceptual reach ofcomputer security is broad and multisided. Computer security touches draws from disciplines as ethics and risk analysis, and is concerned with topics such as computer crime; the prevention, detection, and remediation of attacks; and identity and anonymity in cyberspace.

While confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity are the most important concerns of a computer security manager, privacy is perhaps the most important aspect of computer security for everyday Internet users. Although these people may feel that they have nothing to hide when they are registering with an Internet site or service, privacy on the Internet is about protecting one's personal information, even the information does not seem sensitive. Because of the ease with which information in electronic format can be shared among companies, and because small pieces of related information from different sources can be easily linked together to form a composite of, for example, a person's information seeking habits, it is now very important that individuals are able to maintain control over what information is collected about them, how it is used, who may use it, and what purpose it is used for.

Task 2. Answer the following questions:

Задание 2. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1. What is the term of computer security?

2. Which are the major technical areas of compute security?

3. What do confidentiality, integrity, and authentication mean in terms of PC security?

4. What is nonrepudiation?

5. What disciplines does the term concern?

6. What is the most important aspect of computer security nowadays?

7. What is protected while surfing the Internet?

Task 3. Match the English words given below with their Russian equivalents:

Задание 3. Соотнесите следующие ключевые слова с соответствующим переводом:

• Vulnerable • Authentication • Integrity • Nonrepudiation • Confidentiality • Availability • Access control

• секретность, конфиденциальность • строгое выполнение обязательств • уязвимый, ранимый • доступность, наличие • целостность данных, неприкосновенность • установление соответствия оригиналу • контроль доступа

Task 4. Find the English equivalents in the text:

Задание 2. Просматривая текст, найдите эквиваленты выражений:

часто используется; также известна как; защищена от; может быть разделена среди; могут быть легко свяаны с в единое целое; с какой целью используется.

Task 5. Say whether the statements given below are true or false:

Задание 5. Определите истинность или ложность следующих предложений:

1. The major technical areas of computer security are usually rep storage devices.

2. Authentication means that the users are those persons who they claim to be.

3. Availability means that resources are accessible by any authorized or unauthorized parties.

4. Other important factors of computer security professionals call the access control and nonrepudiation.

5. The conceptual reach of computer security is not broad and multisided.

6. Privacy is perhaps the most important aspect of computer security for everyday Internet users.

7. Computer security doesn’t touch such disciplines as ethic and risk analysis.

Task 6. Complete the sentences according to the text:

Задание 2. Закончите предложения:

1. The term "computer security" is used very frequently, but the content....

2. The major technical areas of computer security are usually....

3.... means that information cannot be accessed by unauthorized parties.

4. Integrity means that information is protected against....

5. Other important factors of computer security....

6. Maintaining access control means not only that users can....

7. Nonrepudiation implies that a person who sends a message cannot....

8. Computer security touches draws from disciplines as....

9.... privacy is perhaps the most important aspect....

10. It is now very important that individuals are able to.....

Task 7. Translate from Russian into English:

Задание 7. Переведите с русского языка на английский:

1. Термин «компьютерная безопасность» используется довольно часто.

2. Основные технические сферы компьютерной безопасности можно представить аббревиатурой CIA.

3. Конфиденциальность подразумевает, что информация не может быть доступна неизвестным сторонам.

4. Целостность значит, что информация защищена от изменения неопознанными лицами.

5. Доступность значит, что ресурсами могут пользоваться любые лица.

6. В целом, термин «компьютерная безопасность» довольно широк и многосторонен.

7. Отдельным пользователям очень важно поддерживать контроль над их личной информацией.

8. Важно знать, кто, с какой целью и как использует информацию о личностях пользователей.

Task 8. Make the sentences negative and interrogative:

Задание 8. Преобразуйте следующие предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную форму:

1. The term "computer security" is used very frequently.

2. The content of a computer is vulnerable to several risks unless the computer is connected to other computers to form a network.

3. The use of computer networks, especially the Internet, has become widely spread.

4. Confidentiality means that information cannot be accessed by unauthorized parties.

5. Integrity means that information is protected against unauthorized changes that are not detectable to authorized users.

6. Authentication means that the users are those persons who they claim to be.

7. Availability means that resources are accessible by authorized parties.

8. Other important factors of computer security professionals call the access control and nonrepudiation.

9. Privacy is perhaps the most important aspect of computer security for everyday Internet users.

10. It is now very important that individuals are able to maintain control over what information is collected about them, how it is used, who may use it, and what purpose it is used for.

Task 9. Make up the sentences using the words given below:

Задание 9. Составьте предложения из следующих слов:

1. cannot, that, by, information, parties, means, be, confidentiality, unauthorized, unauthorized.

2. of, networks, the, especially, computer, has, use, become, the, spread, Internet, widely.

3. important, other, of, factors, computer, professionals, th, security, access, call, and, control, nonrepudiation.

4. is, perhaps, users, the, aspect, of, computer, for, important, everyday, privacy, Internet, most, security.