Discussion. 1. Why did a turbine engine become possible only in modern times?

1. Why did a turbine engine become possible only in modern times?

2. How does a basic gas turbine engine work?

3. What does the shaft in a turboprop engine turn?

4. Why have experiments to use gas turbines for forms of trans­portation in addition to airplanes not been successful?

5. Who designed the first successful jet engine? When did it come into commercial use?

6. What have jets done to air transportation?

7. How does a turbojet engine work? How do the jet engines make the plane move forward?

8. What kind of turbojet is in common commercial use? Describe its blower.

9. How does a pulsejet work?

10. Why isn't a blower or turbine necessary in a ramjet?

11. Why is there an energy crisis in the world today? Name some of the largest fuel users.

12. Why won't converting to coal solve the basic energy crisis?

13. What other energy sources are experimental?

14. What is the major difficulty in the development of nuclear fusion as an energy source?

15. What kind of engine did Robert Stirling build? When did he build it?

16. Who was John Ericsson and what was his connection with hot-air engines?

17. What is the principle on which the Stirling engine works?

18. What kind of motion is produced by a rotary engine? How does this differ from the usual type of internal combustion engine?

19. Name the best-known type of rotary engine. How does it work?

20. Describe some advantages of the rotary engine.

21. What would increase the fuel efficiency of the Wankel engine?

22. Are there other rotating combustion engines? Discuss your answer.

Review

A. Complete the following sentences with the appropriate word or phrase.

1. In a gas turbine engine the combustion drives the blades of a turbine instead of _______________.

2. Some airplanes have engines in which a shaft driven by a turbine turns a _______________.

3. In a _______________ engine gases expelled from the rear of the engine provides forward propulsion.

4. Newton's Third Law of Motion states that for every action there is an _______________ and _______________ reaction.

5. Air is taken in and compressed by a _______________ in a turbojet engine.

6. A _______________ is the type of jet engine in common use for commercial aircraft.

7. A _______________ has lateral intake valves that vibrate.

8. In a _______________ air is forced into the engine under extremely high pressure.

9. Most plastics are _______________ products.

10.Nuclear _______________ refers to splitting the nucleus of an atom; nuclear_______________ indicates that the nuclei of atoms are joining together.

11. The Stirling engine is a _______________ engine.

12. The Wankel engine produces _______________ motion rather than ______________ motion.

B. Identify the engines in each of the following drawings. Explain briefly how each one operates.

UNIT Х