Ãëàâíàÿ Ñëó÷àéíàÿ ñòðàíèöà Êîíòàêòû | Ìû ïîìîæåì â íàïèñàíèè âàøåé ðàáîòû! | ||
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1. It means the ability of some organizations (including prisons and military training camps) to _______________ their members to cooperate in achieving goals by punishing any failure to perform.
2. Businesses have _______________ power over their employees.
3. Prisons have coercive power over their __________________..
4. With few ______________ to follow, bureaucratic authority enforced the rules.
5. He was known as _______________ supporter of the Communist party.
6. Bureaucracies have several advantages, one of them is that they are highly _______________.
Task 7. Match the two halves parts of the sentences.
1. Modern societies depend on large, complex organizations | A. from traditional forms of organization. |
2. The growth of bureaucracy was part of the triumph of a purposive, | B. the hierarchy of authority. |
3. He identified five characteristics that distinguish bureaucracy | C. to achieve many common goals. |
4. Bureaucracy's inherent contradictions also | D. is never complete. |
5. Conflict between staff and line positions alter | E. individual behaviour and self-identity. |
6. Even in what Goffman has called total institutions, bureaucratic control | F. rational mentality in modern life. |
7. Membership in an organization shapes | G. over voluntary participants. |
8. Community service organizations have normative power | H. reduce its effectiveness. |
Task 8. Are the following statements about the text true (T) or false (F)?
1. | Etzioni classified different kinds of organizations according to the power they have over the individuals who belong to them. | T / F |
2. | When organization has normative power the garbage collectors are inmates. | T / F |
3. | The voluntary participants always receive the positive reward of cash. | T / F |
4. | The organization usually relies primarily on one type of power. | T / F |
5. | In many factories work does not provide much opportunity for creativity or the exercise of authority. | T / F |
Task 9 Now look again at the text and find words in the paragraphs 1-8, which mean the same as:
a) evidently (1) _______________________
b) a supervisor (1) _______________________
c) a waste (2) _______________________
d) a misfortune (3) _______________________
e) a worker (4) _______________________
f) a pavement (5) _______________________
g) an aim (6) _______________________
h) to contract (7) _______________________
i) a humdrum (8) _______________________
Task 10. Complete these sentences with the words from the box.
efficiency control decision personalities organization |
1. Individuals assert themselves against the _______________ through "making out," removal activities, and ritual insubordination.
2. Control is exercised by rules and regulations, which make direct supervision unnecessary and improve _______________.
3. High-level decisions, however, can be frustrated by subordinates, and _______________ is always a problem for bureaucracies.
4. To make sure the rules are obeyed, bureaucracies centralize _______________ making and decentralize execution.
5. Corporations choose people whose ___________ already fit the organizations.
Task 11. Rearrange the letters to form a word used in the unit, then match the word to its definition.
Hutiaroyt | à administrators, in an organization. Their job is to manage the actual production of the organization's output. | ||
uyerbarcuca | ba shared belief about what is morally right and desirable. | ||
oecircno | c a relationship between leaders and followers in which the leaders' power is accepted as legitimate. | ||
elin | d the interactive process by which individuals acquire some of the values, attitudes, skills, and knowledge of the society to which they belong to. | ||
oerpw | e an organization designed to accomplish the large-scale tasks of complex societies by systematically coordinating the work of many individuals. | ||
azasiloiotinc | f the ability to get what one wants even in the face of opposition | ||
eulav | g Weber's term for the power that comes from superior physical force | ||
ofcitnlc | hthe antagonism of social groups with opposing interests or values. |
Task 12. Use the words from the right side to make the expressions with the words from the left side. Then translate them into Ukrainian.
Äàòà ïóáëèêîâàíèÿ: 2015-09-18; Ïðî÷èòàíî: 346 | Íàðóøåíèå àâòîðñêîãî ïðàâà ñòðàíèöû | Ìû ïîìîæåì â íàïèñàíèè âàøåé ðàáîòû!