Translate into English. 1.Витрати на домашнє господарство

1.Витрати на домашнє господарство.

2. Відповідальність за якість продукції, що випускається.

3. Гарантувати інтереси споживачів.

4. Закон про харчові продукти.

5. Захист прав.

6. Задоволення скарг і претензій.

7. Захист здоров’я і безпеки споживача.

8. Нечесні умови контракту.

KINDS OF BANKS

Banks differ in the services they provide and in how they are owned. Many financial experts use the word bank to refer only to a commercial bank. These experts believe that savings banks, savings and loan associations, and credit unions are not true banks because they do not perform all the functions of commercial banks. Many countries have institutions called central banks, and some have investment banks. Although such institutions are called banks, they do not accept deposits or lend money to the public.

Commercial banks are the most numerous banks in the United States. The nation has about 11,900 such banks, and their assets total about $3 ½ trillion.

Commercial banks offer a full range of services, including checking and savings accounts, Loans, and trust services. They primarily serve the needs of businesses but also offer their services to individuals.

A commercial bank is owned by stockholders who buy shares in it. In return for investing in the bank’s stock, the stockholders expect the bank to pay them cash dividends from its profits.

Savings and loan associations are the second largest group of deposit institutions in the United States. There are about 2’000 savings and loans, as they are known. They have total assets of about $800 billion.

In the past, almost all savings and loans were owned and operated by their depositors. But today, almost half are owned and operated by stockholders.

Savings banks are the most commonly found in the Northeast. The United States has about 450 savings banks, with assets of about $240 billion.

Savings banks were created in the early 1800’s as Safe-deposit boxes, ranging from small drawers to large safes, are rented by people to protect their valuables. No one can enter a safe-deposit vault without a bank guard.

Credit unions are an important type of savings institutions in the United States. There about 14,300 credit unions, and their assets total about $230 billion. Most credit unions are formed by people with a common bond.

A credit union distributes its earnings to the members as dividends. Federal and state laws limit credit unions to meeting the needs of individual members, and there institutions cannot lend to businesses.

Central banks, which in the most countries are government agencies, perform many financial services for the national government. Their chief responsibilities are to regulate banking and to control the nation’s money supply. The money supply is the total quantity of money in the country, including cash and bank deposits.

Investment banks purchase newly issued stocks and bonds from corporations and governments. These banks then resell the securities to individual investors in smaller quantities. An investment bank makes a profit by selling securities at a higher price than it paid for them.